Strategic Planning †Ibm 2009 Free Essays

string(50) yield and the lower its cost structure will be. CASE ANALYSIS: IBM IN 2009 Analysis Industry: Computer Services Industry Porter’s 5 Forces 1) Risk of passage by potential contenders The danger of section by potential contenders is generally low (+). This is expected to the recently participant contenders that need an enormous market capitalization, programming materials, benefits and counseling; to pick up consumer’s premiums. On the off chance that buyers can pick purchasing their items from a huge organization that are sufficient in the PC equipment, benefits and counseling, other innovative administrations, they would prefer to pick a huge firm than a littler firm that don't have satisfactory assets. We will compose a custom paper test on Key Planning †Ibm 2009 or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now ) The power of contention among set up organizations inside an industry The force of competition among built up organizations inside this industry is moderately high (- ). This is on the grounds that there are enormous firms, for example, Oracle that are neck in neck with other huge firms, for example, IBM, attempting to procure each product there is that causes them increase an upper hand. 3) The bartering intensity of purchasers The dealing intensity of purchasers is generally low (+). This is on the grounds that in this industry that is providing a specific item or administration isn't made out of numerous little organizations and the purchasers are huge and very few. Additionally, purchasers can't buy in amount, on the grounds that a large number of the organizations in this industry offer administrations and counseling, and programming that purchasers use. 4) The bartering intensity of providers The dealing intensity of providers is moderately high (- ). This is on the grounds that the item that providers sell has scarcely any substitutes, and the productivity of providers isn't altogether influenced by the acquisition of organizations in this industry. Likewise, exchanging costs are incredible as buyers should move from their unique item to another provider. 5) The closeness of Substitutes to an industry’s item The closeness of substitutes to an industry’s item is generally low (+). There are not really any substitutes concerning numerous purchasers, the significance of the market for innovation items and a wellspring of cutting edge laborers for serving these kinds of programming when shoppers need assistance. The less innovative propelled items can't fulfill comparative client needs. Powers †Conclusion: This industry is a 3 star industry. What IBM ought to do is: * IBM should utilize their upper hand to outperform their rivals, and be the restraining infrastructure in the business, rather than being in an opposition neck-in neck with other driving contenders * Since the item that providers sells has hardly any substitutes, and the bartering power is very high, IBM ought to get the providing organizations, to de crease their costs some more, and for providers not to have the haggling power that they have presently. Life Cycle: Growth stage * E. G. In this industry, it is developing since buyers are turning out to be increasingly more acquainted with the now innovation propelled items when innovation on the planet is progressing quickly. Additionally, the greater part of the huge firms as a rule have power over mechanical information as a boundary to passage which decreases a large portion of the littler firms, which reduces the opportunity of another participant. The Value Chain IT Provides ease conventional IT administrations or worth making, altering expert arrangements rely upon it having the unmistakable abilities to create cutting edge programming applications across business procedures and ventures * Recent advances have expanded the intensity of business knowledge programming to recognize progressing changes and estimates numerous occasions in the wake of obtaining Cognos (programming) * Another headway was that the IT office thought of another activity to make it simpler for topographic ally scattered individuals to associate and team up without the time and cost of face to face gatherings. They were utilizing virtual innovation which others inside and between organizations to trade texts, talk verbally, share constant introductions, and virtual gatherings Hardware * The frameworks and innovation bunch put its assets into growing new sorts of centralized computers and servers that would engage a more extensive number of client gatherings and extend worldwide deals. This will give them more force and adaptability for the IT item they purchase from IBM * Currently IBM sells its centralized servers legitimately to clients through its own business power to ensure rewarding programming and administration incomes that go with these deals. By doing that, IBM’s centralized computer introduced base had multiplied in light of the fact that IBM’s capacity to convey expanding measures of handling capacity to clients at a diminishing expense * Such as independent server would dispense with the requirement for costly IT counseling and administration; it would offer organizations with a minimal effort option and organizations could just request the same number of Cisco’s (one of the obtained programming) server racks varying to work or grow their business Competitive Advantage Unmistakable Competencies: are firm explicit qualities that permit an organization to separate its items from those offered by rivals or potentially accomplish significantly lower costs than its adversaries. IBM’s unmistakable capabilities is getting the various servers and programming to enable the organization to increase an upper hand as the organization coordinated numerous mechanical propelled items that outperforms different firms in the business Intangible Resources: are nonphysical substances that are made by supervisors and different representatives, for example, brand names, the notoriety of the organization, the information that workers have increased through understanding, and the licensed innovation of the organization, including that ensured through licenses, copyrights, and trademarks. The elusive source here is the brand name and notoriety that IBM had constructed every one of these years, prompting one of the top organizations in the PC administration business . Abilities: allude to a company’s aptitudes at organizing its assets and putting them to beneficial use. * IBM’s abilities at planning its assets and putting them to great and profitable use by the drive to center the endeavors of all IBM workers on fulfilling the necessities of customers was one of the capacities that made IBM have this upper hand Functional-Level Strategies EFFICIENCY * The least complex proportion of productivity is the amount of information sources that it takes to create a given yield; the more effective an organization is, the less the data sources required to deliver a given yield and the lower its cost structure will be. You read Key Planning †Ibm 2009 in classification Papers * E. G. In 2007, IBM burned through $11. 8 billion to gain 36 programming and 18 help organizations in the fields, for example, security, information the board, and Web business * QUALITY * The CEO’s system was to concentrate on high-net revenue items that st raightforwardly supplemented its administration and programming contributions. IBM had auctions off its PC business to Lenovo; its circle drive business to Hitachi, and its printer business to Ricoh. By doing this, IBM can concentrate on high-net revenue items and dump the bombing items in the organization that are auctions off to different organizations * INNOVATION * By staying aware of the innovation progressions, IBM had declared another â€Å"virtual world† IT activity to make it simpler for topographical scattered individuals to interface and work together without the time and cost of face to face gatherings. These virtual universes are intuitive, vivid Web destinations dependent on the utilization of three-dimensional illustrations. This permits individuals to trade texts, visit verbally, share continuous introductions and thoughts in private, virtual gathering spaces that exist forever progressively so individuals can meet on normal, intermittent, or off the cuff bases. * CUSTOMER RESPONSIVENESS * At this stage, the deals of its new centralized computers of IBM were up by 25%; programming income rose 5%, helped by expanding deals of its famous WebSphere programming bundle that improves the exhibition of a company’s electronic trade and business applications Building Competitive Advantage Through Business-Level Strategy Competitive Positioning High Market Segmentation * What IBM is doing is high market division where they could decide to perceive the contrasts between client gatherings and make an item focused toward most or the entirety of the diverse market fragments. The client responsiveness and high and items are being tweaked to address the issues of clients in each gathering. * E. G. IBM had moved its items to higher net revenue benefits and computerizing conventional business procedures, for example, acquirement, account and HR which was prompting expanding quantities of long haul administration contracts between huge firms. Differentiators * Clearly, IBM is a differentiator. This is because of how IBM had the option to procure distinctive programming from organizations which at that point had the option to offer customers high overall revenue programming application to fulfill their requirements. IBM had the option to separate their items from the main rivals and fulfill shoppers that different contenders unmistakably couldn't Business-Level Strategy and the Industry Environment Main systems that organizations can receive to manage decrease: * Leadership technique The speed of decay and the force of rivalry in the declining business are moderate. Through forceful acquisitions, IBM had the option to get a lot of programming to make high overall revenue items to fulfill clien t needs and to likewise furnish customers with their best help and counseling. The open gauges approach that Gerstner’s approach was that as IBM’s advisors went from customer to customer evaluating their requirements; they had the option to give point by point criticism to IBM’s different divisions about whether their item

What Money Can Buy in a Writing Test?

What Money Can Buy in a Writing Test?What money can buy in a writing test can be a very difficult question to answer. But if you have to find the answer to that question, then it is probably better that you start looking for your answer now. You must realize that this question has been asked a million times before. And for some people, they are still looking for the solution.If you want to get the correct answer, you can think of something that can make you feel good about yourself. You can also think of something that will give you a feeling of satisfaction. Most likely, the money you can buy essay question will not be much different from what you expect to spend. So, what you have to do is to create a short story about your answer and hope that it will come to you.After having this realization, it is best that you begin to write the story. Of course, you do not have to be an expert when it comes to writing. As long as you can write a good story, you will be able to write the essay well.When you are done with the story, you should make sure that you can write the essay based on the story. For example, if you can write your essay about your dream, you can apply this to the essay that you have prepared for a grammar test. By doing this, you will be able to cover all the topics that you have included in your essay.What money can buy in a writing test should be more about relationships than money. The relationship between the writer and the reader should be very important in your essay. It is also important that you choose the right topic and the right format for the essay. By doing this, you will be able to create the perfect story about your answer.The story that you have written about your answer will make it easier for you to understand the point that you want to make in your essay. This will also make the essay more interesting. In addition, you will be able to discuss the topic properly and without any problems.So, if you want to write a good essay, you shou ld remember that the good relationships between the writer and the reader is very important. By being able to express the right relationship between the writer and the reader, you will be able to make the readers enjoy your essay. The story that you can write is much more important than the amount of money that you can buy in a writing test.What money can buy in a writing test should be about the story, not about the answer. If you want to make the topic interesting, you should try to learn how to write a good story.

5 Essential Ways To Improve B2B Customer Retention

5 Essential Ways To Improve B2B Customer Retention Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Essential Ways To Improve B2B Customer RetentionUpdated On 27/02/2016Author : Eva DaviesTopic : BusinessShort URL : http://hbb.me/1TFF2Tk CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogBusiness customers are few in number so one should do their best to hold on to them. Each and every one of them is so valuable that you cannot afford to lose them. The best way hand on to them is to keep them active. This means that you keep in touch with them regularly, giving them service updates and regular checks in order to find out whether your previous dealings with them are proving good for them or not and what could be done to improve.How To Improve B2B Customer Retention?There are several ways to improve your customer retention. A lot of different marketing strategies have come up, but they all are not effective. The top five ways to improve business retention are given below.STARTED A NEW BUSINESS/COMPANY? WAITING FOR YOUR CUSTOMERS? READ THIS:4 Basic (And Best) Ways to Attract and Keep Customers (That You Must Know)1. Meeting Customer ExpectationsThis is the most important factor in improving your customer retention. You should meet all the promises you made when you sealed the deal with the client. This will create trust between you and your customer and will make it simpler for you to get more orders from this particular client. He/she if satisfied with your work could recommend you to their colleagues and other business industries.Your products should meet the demand in the market, like the quality of the product, the features, and the services that come with them should be included in the package.2. Customer Service SatisfactionCustomer service and satisfaction are a clearly worthy objective when you talk about customer retention. Again this is a trust building exercise but can turn out to be a very difficult one. If your customer is a bitter person he/she wil l make your life a living hell and you will have to cope with them no matter what the situation is. Studies show that efficient customer services do pay off in the long term and help in customer retention. Customers who faced problems which were resolved efficiently are more likely to come back to you than those who never faced a problem at all.READVideo Marketing Tips for More Conversions3. Loyalty ProgramsLoyalty programs often include special discounts or extra perks, along with special services and privileges. Some companies offer travel rewards based on the volume of purchases. These rewards are highly appreciated by employees, making this strategy a highly effective and desirable one. As many businesses forbid their employees to accept more than a token amount of value, these services are much appreciated by them. The more they purchase, the higher the rewards they get.4. NewslettersNewsletters help keep organizations aware and up to the date on your products and services. Thi s helps them become aware of your competitive marketing strategies and how you are better than your competitors. It also tells them what special offers and discounts you are offering and to what extent they can benefit from them.5. Unique Selling PropositionBe creative when marketing yourself; a unique selling proposition (USP) might be the boost you wanted. A unique selling proposition not only helps strengthen your existing customer relationships but also attracts new ones. This makes your client realize that you are worth continuing services with.GOOD CUSTOMERS = GOOD BUSINESS. BUT, ARE YOU SURE THEY ARE HAPPY?4 Main (And Valid) Reasons Your Customer Service Program Is FailingDo you have any experience running a B2B company/startup? Let us know your views in the comments below.

Direct Assessment Of Behavior By Adam - 892 Words

Direct Assessment of Behavior Adam was observed during his 5th-period algebra class on four different occasions. On October 22nd and October 26th, he was observed for 90 minutes. October 28th, Adam was also supposed to be observed for the entire 90-minute class, but the observation was cut short after he was sent to the office due to his behavior. The final observation was conducted on October 30th, for 75 minutes. Notes were taken detailing the classroom routine and Adam s behavior (See Appendix B). The direct observations confirmed many of the behaviors described in the indirect assessment. At different points, Adam was out of his seat, left the classroom, refused to do his work, and used his phone at inappropriate times, but as noted by Mr. Brown in the indirect assessment, it was Adam s verbal call outs that dominated the classroom climate during main group instruction. Even with the shortened days, Adam averaged almost 11 verbal call outs during the 40-50 minute main lessons. The indirect assessment gave the impression that the verbal call outs dissipated during the independent practice routine, giving way to more insubordinate behavior like a refusal to complete work. However, during the direct assessment, the verbal call outs spanned multiple routines, with Adam averaging 6 verbal call outs during independent practice. This pattern of verbal call outs was formatted in ABC sequences to help decipher the antecedents and consequences (See Appendix C). ForShow MoreRelatedAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )803 Words   |  4 PagesStudent Description Adam, a white 16-year-old 10th grader, was the focus of the indirect and direct assessments. Adam receives special education services for other health impairments (OHI), specifically Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Adam’s teacher, Mr. B, and Adam both mentioned during the indirect and direct observations that he does not always take his medication for his ADHD. Like many of his peers, Adam seems to enjoy the social aspects of school. Any opportunity to talkRead MoreThe For Reality Therapy, The Environment Needs For A Good Rapport With The Client1228 Words   |  5 Pagesirresponsible behavior. The therapist might begin the therapeutic process by guiding a person s attention away from past behaviors in order to focus on those that occur in the present. It is important to avoid punishing, criticizing, or protecting from reasonable consequences. Also the counselor should direct the client from being overwhelming with their stories. The clients should also be aware of the procedures that lead to change. The counselor should help people realize that all behavior, even painfulRead MorePsychology And Its Effect On A Person s Actions784 Words   |  4 Pagesthat maintain or discourage specific behaviors. B.F. Skinner once stated, I am sometimes asked, ‘Do you think of yourself as you think of the organisms you study?’ The answer is yes. So far as I know, my behavior at any given moment has been nothing more than the product of my genetic endowment, my personal history, and the current setting. (Skinner, 1983). In the average college classroom, behaviorism effects students’ way of learning in that their behavior is shaped by either positive or negativeRead MoreAccounting Thesis1180 Words   |  5 Pagesmoney. The summaries of accounting education research presented by Williams et al. (1988) and Rebele et al. (1991, 1998), however, reveal that no empirical study has performed a direct assessment of accounting students’ perceptions regarding any individual accounting course. Nor has any study performed an assessment of the relationship between course perceptions and major selection. 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While some cultures have overlapping cultural behaviors or aspects, most culturesRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Young Children s Executive Function Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesThus, they formed a hypothesis saying that compared to a slower-paced educational cartoon or self-paced activity such as drawing, a fast-paced cartoon show would have a more negative impact immediately on children’s executive functioning, a strong assessment associated with success in school. (P2, bottom left) What the researchers did was to have six 4-year-old kids randomly assigned to watch a fast paced television cartoon show or a slow paced educational cartoon show or draw for nine minutes at theRead MoreEquity Theory1421 Words   |  6 PagesEquity Theory by John Stacey Adams Equity Theory attempts to explain relational satisfaction in terms of perceptions of fair/unfair distributions of resources within interpersonal relationships. Equity theory is considered as one of the justice theories; it was first developed in 1962 by John Stacey Adams, a workplace and behavioral psychologist, who asserted that employees seek to maintain equity between the inputs that they bring to a job and the outcomes that they receive from it against theRead MorePersonality Profile Reflection Paper1743 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational behavior studies human behavior and the impact individual attitudes and actions have on performance in the workplace. To provide a personal perspective of personality characteristics, the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) assessment was used to measure aspects of my personality and how these traits relate to working with others and life within an organization. Key observations provide specific insight into how these are applied to w orkplace behavior and interactions with

Philosophy - 1451 Words

Philosophy Paper Sally Margarit Sep, 27th 2014 What is Justice? How do we know what justice is? This has been the question that we have essentially been discussing throughout all of our classes this semester. The idea that the normalities of society are the pillars for what defines what is right and what is just, is one argument that in most cases holds true. As children in our culture, we are all taught a very generic set of rules. At a very young age we learn not to harm others, steal, lie, or cheat. As children we cultivate this idea of criminals as bad people, who have somehow broken the moral code that society has so easily instilled in us as youth. However, despite societys moral code, I believe that the notion of†¦show more content†¦He argues that if something is morally unjust to begin with, it is still morally unjust even though his life is on the line. The argument is that an unjust action is simply always unjust. However, I dont believe justice to be that simple. As children we are are taught that certain things are always wrong. We learn at a very young age that killing is wrong, and in our innocent world we believe that all people who kill belong in jail. I too had that belief. I thought those who murdered belonged in jail for the rest of their lives. Last year I had the opportunity to meet with a group of 5 male prisoners who were doing life sentences for murder. Upon meeting with this group of prisoners, I and other members of my senior year ethics class were extremely judgmental. We were all strong believers in our countrys justice system and we all assumed that these men deserved to rot in prison because their actions had to have been so gravely unjust. To my surprise, these five men were probably some of the most polite and kind men I have ever met. One was as old as my grandfather, and even reminded me a lot of him. These men were convicted murderers. They had taken life in vain, but I am not sure I myself can condemn all their actions to be so terribly unjust. One by one they each humbly told us their stories. All 5 of them had been convicted before the age of 18. They were just kids when they were convicted to be societys scum and were confined toShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophy Of Philosophy And Philosophy998 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy is the attempt at answering or understanding the questions that the being who is philosophizing yearns to know or wishes to understand. The importance of what the philosopher wishes to know or understand is not a determinate factor in what it means to do philosophy. The act of doing philosophy is not defined by the subject of examination but by the driving passion of knowing and understanding. This means that an individual that wishes to know why a laptop is a laptop or why is it thatRead MorePhilosophy : Philosophy And Philosophy1292 Words   |  6 Pages As a student at Richland college, I have never studied philosophy before, and I have heard very bizarre claims about what philosophy is. For that reason, I wanted to take a philosophy class so I can learn more about it. Due to lack of knowledge, I used to think philosophy as involving a kind of mystical significant, sometimes resulting from observing problems without solutions. In addition, sometimes I accustomed that philosophy is nothing more than a name that does nothing more than feelingsRead MorePhilosophy : Philosophy And Philosophy1035 Words   |  5 Pages As a student in Richland college, I have never studied philosophy before, and I have heard very bizarre claims about what philosophy is. For that reason, I wanted to take a philosophy class so I can learn more about it. Due to lack of knowledge, I used to think philosophy as involving a kind of mystical significant, sometimes resulting from observing problems without solutions. In addition, sometimes I accustomed that philosophy is nothing more than a name that does nothing more than feelings ofRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Philosophy And Philosophy1451 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy is recognized by the questions being asked, and the methods used to answer them. These questions are usually the ones that are open-ended, abstract, or the ones that lead to controversial answers. Due to the openness in philosophy, the uncertainty, there is not just one viewpoint that is completely accepted by all to be true. This leads to many disputes and conversations that are ultimately driven by th e core of philosophy, which is its latin translation, the love of wisdom. Now, theRead MorePhilosophy And Philosophy Of Philosophy Essay2033 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is philosophy? 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We often ask questions, which in turn led us to the discovery of the discipline of philosophy. The primary reason for philosophy is to gainRead MorePhilosophy And Its Importance Of Philosophy861 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy and Its Importance Doing philosophy as many philosophers demonstrate over time and in the present is to simply question the understanding of what is known and not known or accepted and unaccepted. This is to say, that philosophers must question all aspects of life and all the surrounding dimensions of the world. In doing so, the philosopher is trying to grasp a firmer or different understanding of the truth that is either presently or not presently known; whether comforting or not comfortingRead MorePlato, Philosophy, And Philosophy929 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Plato is philosophy, and philosophy, Plato.† – Ralph Waldo Emerson. 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Being educated in the environment of medieval philosophy, specifically in the school of Jesuits, Descartes received the system of scholastic philosophy as his foundation for making a new startRead MorePhilosophy624 Words   |  3 PagesSurname Instructor Course Date Survey of Mexican Philosophical Thought The philosophy of the Mexicans is a production of philosophers from ancestries from Mexico, residing either within or outside the country. The general philosophy surfaced with the introduction of the first school by the Spanish conquerors, with teaching and publications on philosophical treaties. As such, it is critical to deny that these thinkers got education from the European schools, making it quite impossible

Book Review Courtesans and Fishcakes - 1251 Words

Courtesans and Fishcakes written by James Davidson explore the ancient Greek culture of the Athenians and elaborate on not only the desire for sex, but the appetites of life. Author James Davidson is a professor in the Department of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. In his biography, it says that he is a regular contributor to the London Review of Book and the author of the award winning The Greeks and Greek Love. Courtesans and Fishcakes is divided into four parts: Feasts, Desire, The Citizen, and The City. Within each part of the book, there are multiple sub-sections that go into depth about the particular section of each ‘chapter’. In Part I: Feasts, Davidson goes into some background of the ancient Greek†¦show more content†¦Personally, I think this is brilliant insight to the Athenian culture. It makes sense to watch and monitor the behaviors of the people around you because their everyday manners and behaviors are distinct indicato rs to how they live the rest of their life outside of the ‘feasts’. As Davidson explains it, â€Å"†¦ Ancient texts do more than inform us about Ancient desires. They do more than provide us with samples of the ancient discourse of desires.† The next topic that Davidson nicely delivers the reader insight to is the act of drinking. He states, â€Å"One drinks while one eats and one always eats with others; a narrow sociality oversees the pleasures of food†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I had to carefully read and re-read this paragraph to understand the brilliant meaning behind it. As I continued reading, I began to understand that the act of drinking wine has always been one to socialize. It was to strike up conversation and this quote means exactly that, with those who eat, drink, and become social. Once again, I think this a perfect quote to support Davidson’s argument because it emphasizes that drinking was a social act. This also means that anything else besides being social while drinking was a direct indicator that one might have little self-control and be a threat to the democracy. Davidson says, â€Å"... words join water in diluting the wine whose proper role is to facilitate conversation.† This is to emphasize t hat when this does notShow MoreRelatedThe Appetite Of Classical Athens1763 Words   |  8 Pagessacrifice and is a regular contributor to The London Review of Books, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph and the Sunday Times. He has just published The Greeks and The Greeks Love for Weidenfeld and is currently working on a translation of some Attic speeches for Penguin Classics. James Davidson’s first book, Courtesans and Fishcakes: The Consuming Passion of Classical Athens was published in 1997 and will be the book we will talk about throughout this review. Davidson takes us inside the minds of classical

Understanding Cross National Human Resource Management

Question: Task 1: The manager of a company complains that the management information systems (MIS) continually fails to produce the appropriate information at the right time. The person responsible for MIS responds by blaming the inadequate data and information flow within the company and request a review of data and information flow 1- Describe the distinction between information, information systems and ICT management. 2- Describe some of the main activity systems to be found in a typical business. 3- State six factors which influence the flow of information and data within an organisation. 4- With the aid of appropriate examples, explain the difference between formal and informal information flow. 5- Explain why human decision-making is satisficing rather than rational and discuss the consequences of this for MIS, DSS and EIS. 6- Explain what is meant by a transaction and why it is important in the context of an information system. 7- With the aid of examples, describe three techniques which could be used to review the current information flows. Task 2: A manager uses a bespoke application which cannot produce reports in the exact format required but does allow the export of information to a spreadsheet. The manager uses this facility to export the information, improves the layout of the information and produces several graphs. This takes her several days. On presenting the reports to colleagues she is questioned over the accuracy of the information as many figures appear to be out of date. 1- What is the purpose of a management information system? 2- Why is such a system required by managers of an organisation? 3- Give examples of the use of a MIS within and state its purpose. 4- Describe how this problem may be overcome by using MIS. Task 3: Information systems are capable of producing strategic, tactical and operational level information. With the aid of examples, explain the difference between these three levels of information, clearly stating the level of personnel involved in using each one. Answer: Distinction between information, information systems and ICT management Information The data of any form and by any means either through collection, research, analysis or perception can be called as information. It could of relational connection between various sources. Information System The data base which stores the information either in a program or a system is called as an information system. The normal usage of the ICT was to provide an automation technology or supplant all or parts of the existing activities and systems. This has been explained in detail as to what are the different methods to view ICT as an agency to innovate new forms of activity system. ICT had a positive impact on individuals and especially on myself as it provides a huge provision to the different types of sources of information which are teamed together by growth of the internet. There are many advantageous aspects like new opportunities for learning and leisure, online tutorials through which I have benefitted a lot by exploring new subjects through virtual reality. I have learnt a lot of self-directed tools with the manuals provided and by stand - alone systems where I have personally overcame a lot of inhibitions in terms of learning because software tenability has become a more dependent way of learning (Budhwar, P.S., Sparrow, P. R. 2002a). Describe some of the main activity systems to be found in a typical business IT enables the business enterprise to establish and maintain all the potential contacts with its potential customers through buying processes. Electronic Kiosks, Multimedia Machines, Internet tools for maintaining banking and financial products, Single Window service are all useful for maintaining electronic contact mediums for the customers. State six factors which influence the flow of information and data within an organization There are different dimensions which can change the way the data flows between various sources or different points and in turn they can enhance or hinder the information flow activities like time constraints, cost constraints, computer - based random sampling method, questionnaires which can be used to gather data and redistribute between other departments, Organizational policies and procedures. The information characteristics dimension depends on subjectivity, timelines, details and methodologies which are generally adapted and implemented. Fig 1: The Study Model With the aid of appropriate examples, explain the difference between formal and informal information flow Information flows between various points and there are different ways in which the information flows can be explained in detail. Most of the Organizations have different ways of obtaining data and they also have different ways documenting the given information. As an example we can also consider the knowledge sharing resources which are used by inter departments for various uses in the projects can also be considered into this category. For instance the use of computerized systems like the information in knowledge banks or data houses where the data designs, tables, relationships, reports are linked with the structure, intranet, project reports, meetings and presentations. Informal information flow has no order or structure like the traceability however it might still consist of some useful information. Instances of this type could be informal meetings, telephone calls, memos, notice boards or coffee in corridors (Hofstede, G. (1980). Explain why human decision-making is satisficing rather than rational and discuss the consequences of this for MIS, DSS and EIS. Advances in communication and technology have changed the way in which the business is performed by changing how people meet and communicate and in making group decisions related to many other technologies in the world. The technological changes help most of the people across the physical, social, technological and psychological boundaries about the other secondary effects which might take place due to rational decision making. Human decision making is better is because it involves various types of discussions like group meetings, face to face which might turn out to be flaming because of some outspoken people but would still be friendly because of the proximity with the management who can take quick decisions. This becomes more a conventional method of decision making. This leads to other advantages like redistribution of work time, reallocation of resources depending on the urgency of work and it increases in complexity of group organizations and in turn creates a greater impact on the Organizations (Drucker, P. F., 1977). The consequences of human decision making over the rational methods might have some implications or consequences on MIS, DSS and EIS where the emergence of EIS provides an opportunity to change the situation. The role and research which was conducted by the senior executives still allows the management to conduct their normal activities by using MIS, DSS and EIS. Transaction and why it is important in the context of an information system Any amount of data which is shared between various environments is encountered by various agents and all of them run on a specific semantic model. All these transactions are performed on the basis of trust which relies on a central data base. This consists of scalable data structures and algorithms which require no central control however is formed on the base of an inter connection between various agents. In a way this becomes the platform for most of the transactions in an information system (Mezirow, J 1997). With the aid of examples, describe three techniques which could be used to review the current information flows For single databases there are different types of primary hindrances for end user access which provide access to various volumes of data which is becoming available and which is used in order to analyze and interpret the different types of data. If we consider an example of combing different types of data there is a major mismatch with the implementation strategy especially in terms of representation in various structures. This is one example where we could consider sources of intelligent and active use of information requires a class of software modules which mediate between different workstations, applications and data bases. Various techniques are used like mediation simplifies, abstracts, reduces, merges which explain the flow of data Task 2 Purpose of a management information system Information systems are needed for recording transactions between an organization and its environment as well as in the management of relationships with external stakeholders. The data base which stores the information either in a program or a system is called as an information system. It is also an approach which is used to create architecture based on the use of services like web services which use small functions for producing and validating a customer related data by using simple analytical services. The Service oriented architecture based principles are convenient to use and they are not to be termed as complex. Service oriented architecture has the ability to leverage its services between various applications (Kathleen, 2011). Why is such a system required by managers of an organization? These different styles possess of different independent principles like an overview, the critical principles, major benefits and application which helps to choose the appropriate architectural styles for the application. Some of these styles describe the structure and design issues and others describe communication factors. The models which describe a combination would be useful for describing the structure and design of the systems ( Give examples of the use of a MIS within and state its purpose Management Information Systems have various applications in the retail industry. MIS is the systematic use of technology and people to manage the flow of information. In retail MIS is used ofor point of sale data collection, logistics, inventory control and internal communication which affects the retail operations and marketing. Describe how this problem may be overcome by using MIS MIS is organized for functional areas of an organization. The systems are typically organized for functional areas of an organization. It helps integrate the financial information from multiple sources. It provides easy access to financial information in a summarized form. It also enables the financial analysis using easy easy access. It has a no. of sub systems which is used to analyze revenue, costs, profits and auditing systems which is used to manage funds .s Task 3 Difference between these three levels of information Organizational control involves using strategy, tactics and operational oversight to monitor and improve company processes. Organizations are built with the goal of profitability of processes. A tactic is a method intended to fulfill a specific objective in the context of the overall plan. Operational control regulates day to day output relative to schedules, specifications and costs (TF Online, 2013). Task 4 Tescos corporate strategy is to devise the functional areas and devise the department based specific strategies to ensure their objectives are achieved (Wiley, J.W., 2000). They believe that their vision drives their business by embedding their values throughout their strategic planning process. TESCO has reached a market share of about 30% in the UK almost the same as Sainsburys and ASDA in combination. TESCO has greatly diversified business with extended lines into food, non food, clothing, financial services and tele communications. TESCO has started as a mid chain however Sainsburys had a bigger market share and was the market leader even when it started of initially (Heaacademy, Inc; n.d.). Even as markets they have started as a super market stores, hyper market stores and later some of the retail brands like Sainsburys have backed up from hyper markets. TESCO has divided its stores into various formats differentiated by size and range of products with their profits increasing annually and by employing more no. of employees giving a greater scope for employment (Kraut (Ed.) n.d.). Most of their business chains are also located in towns and cities. Tesco should focus more on diversity by setting up newer stores as their decision was already embraced by their stakeholders and customers. If we consider the example of a consumer brand industry they are significant with their presence in various locations and they are getting more effective in their presence with their marketing initiatives (Robert, M, 2012). References: Budhwar, P.S., Sparrow, P. R. (2002a). An integrative framework for understanding cross national human resource management practices. Human Resource Management Review, 12(3), 377-403. Hofstede, G. (1980). Cultures consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Klein, K. J., Dansereau, F., Hall, R. J. (1994). Levels issues in theory development, data collection, and analysis. Academy of Management Review, 19(2), 195-229. Kluckhohn, F., Strodtbeck, F. (1961). Variations in value orientations. Evanston: Row Peterson. Micahel, P, 1987, Compto Corporate Strategy, Harvard Business Review v.65, no.3, pp. 43-59 Grint, K., 1997, Leadership: Classical, Contemporary and Critical Approaches. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mbs Portal, Inc; Self-Managed Learning, accessed on April 3rd, 2015 https://www.mbsportal.bl.uk/secure/subjareas/hrmemplyrelat/roffeypark/115747selfmanagedlearning98.pdf HR, Inc; Preparing a Learning Development, accessed on April 3rd, 2015 https://hr.per.gov.ie/files/2011/04/Guide-to-Preparing-a-Learning-and-Development-Strategy.pdf Heaacademy, Inc; Employability Enterprise, accessed on April 3rd, 2015 https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/assets/documents/tla/employability_enterprise/web0368_learning_and_employability_series2_pdp_and_employability.pdf Claar, J. B., (1984). Organizational design and extension administration. In B. E. Swanson (Ed.), Agricultural extension: A reference manual. Rome: FAO. Drucker, P. F., (1977). People and performance. New York: Harper's College Press. Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. In P. Cranton (Ed.), Transformative learning in action: Insights from practice. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. no. 74, pp. 512. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Kathleen, (2011), Emotional Intelligence, retrieved on March 23rd, 2013, https://kathleenruth.wordpress.com/2011/05/03/emotional-intelligence-and-interpersonal-skills/ Balzer, W, 2012, Organizational Diagnosis: An Evidence Based Appraoch, Pgs 223 246. Change Management, Inc; Definition of change management, Viewed on April 14th 2015 https://www.change-management.com/tutorial-defining-change-management.htm Indevelopment, Inc; Organization Structure, Viewed on April 14th 2015 https://www.indevelopment.nl/PDFfiles/organisationStructure.pdf Public Navy, Inc; Theory of Constraints Project Management, Viewed on April 14th 2015 https://www.public.navy.mil/airfor/nae/AIRSpeed%20Documents/TOC%20and%20Project%20Management.pdf Sjsu, Inc; Managerial role, Viewed on April 14th 2015 https://www.sjsu.edu/people/phyllis.connolly/courses/c17/s1/kane_umanageroleorgcul20060177.pdf TF Online, 2013, Journal of Change Management, Routledge, Vol 13, Issue 2. Riley, R 2000, Managing Change: An Overview, Riley Associates, Pgs 116 - 224. Todnem, R, 2005, Organizational Change Management: A Critical Overview, Journal of Change Management, Routledge, Vol 5, Pgs 369 380. Kotler, P, 1999, Strategies of Network Economy, Journal of Marketing, Pgs 146 163. Welsh M Jordan, 2011, Cultural diversity and Ethnic Minority. Social Psychological aspects. Pgs 84 - 164 Robert, M, 2012, Cultural Minority and Ethnic Minority Psychology. Relationships with Natural Mentors. Pgs 76 - 85 Wiley, J.W., 2000, The high-performance organizational climate: How workers describe top performing units. The Handbook of Organizational Culture Climate (pp.177-191). Sage Publications Higgs, A.C., 1996, Organizational Surveys: Tools for Assessment and Research. In A.I. Kraut (Ed.), Organizational Surveys (pp.19-40). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass

Black Plague Essay Research Paper Much of free essay sample

Black Plague Essay, Research Paper Much of history is a record of the catastrophes work forces bring upon themselves. But some of the worst bad lucks of world # 8211 ; inundations, temblors, dearths, and pestilences # 8211 ; look to be built-in in the natural strategy of things or Acts of the Apostless of God. The most awful of these of which we have knowledge of was the Black Plague, which ravaged Europe in the 14th century ( Cohen 106 ) .The Bubonic Plague, which is a disease that has troubled the universe for many old ages, is thought of by many every bit merely an event that happened for merely a few old ages, a long clip ago. It is besides thought that this disease, while lifelessly, did non take a really large toll on the people and communities of Europe. This is non the instance. The Bubonic Plague was, and still is a really lifelessly and lay waste toing disease that had a immense consequence on Europe from 1346 to about 1700. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Plague Essay Research Paper Much of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is the Bubonic Plague? There are many names for it. It has been called the Black Plague, Black Death, the Pest Plague, and the Oriental Plague. There are three different types of the Bubonic Plague, all holding different scientific names. First there is Pastuerella plague, so Bacillus plague, and in conclusion Versinius plague ( Black Death ) . Even though these are all a small different from each other, they still have many similar features, and can attest themselves in two different ways- In the blood stream, or in the lungs, the latter being much deadlier ( Harrison 2 ) . When the blood stream is infected from the bite of a flea, the lymph nodes in the organic structure crestless wave to the size of an apple or golf ball, and ooze blood and Pus ( Harrison 2 ) . Since the flea normally bites on the legs, the sores will most likely appear in the groin country and axillas, doing it painful to even walk ( Rice 1 ) . Besides, black splodges appear on the tegument from internal hem orrhage, and there is a white coat on the lingua ( Harrison 2 ) . When the lungs are infected, other symptoms include heavy perspiration, intolerance to visible radiation, ptyalizing of blood and uninterrupted febrility until decease, which is in merely one to three yearss ( Harrison 2 ) . All of these symptoms are really painful, and after a couple yearss of holding this disease, decease is a welcome alleviation. Black Death spreads in two ways. First, it starts in insanitary conditions where it can be spread by fleas, who are bearers of the disease. It starts when they bite an septic rat. The bacterium so blocks their digestive system, doing them regurgitate the septic blood into a human when they bite ( Black Death ) . Second, in crowded, insanitary urban countries where the disease is widespread, it can be passed from adult male to adult male through microscopic beads of spit when a individual coughs or sneezes. This leads to the before mentioned lung infection ( Black Death ) . When people think of the Bubonic Plague, they normally think of the pestilence which devastated Europe in the mid 1300 s, but the history of the pestilence goes much further back than that. There were histories of the pestilence in the Old Testament, and so once more in Athens in 430B.C. ( Plague ) . The pestilence was hibernating for many old ages, but so reappeared in China in the 1330 s ( Plague ) . It eventually hit Europe in 1347 when Genose trading ships whose crewmans were infected, landed in, and infected, about every major port in Europe ( Cohen 2 ) . It stayed in Europe and swept through for many old ages until it eventually reached England in 1664 and caused what is known as the Great Plague of London ( Plague ) . Europe had heard of the pestilence, but didn Ts cognize how bad it truly was until it got at that place, and when it did, it had immense effects on the economic system and the communities of Europe. The effects that the Bubonic Plague had on the economic system are these. Since there was a greater figure of deceases in the metropolis than in the state because of the crowded conditions, there was a labour deficit, and many people moved into the metropolis to happen work ( Harrison 2 ) . However, the figure of workers were limited to assist drive up wages, and this made a huge figure of the people who came into the metropolis unemployed ( Harrison 2 ) . Guilds had regulated ranks, and one time a individual was in a club, he found it really hard to travel up because the clubs were really protective of their members ( Harrison 2 ) . In the state, nevertheless there was a really little husbandman population because of the pestilence, which drove the grain monetary values up and lessened competition ( Harrison 2 ) . This made for a really good grains market ( Harrison 3 ) . What this meant was that if a provincial wanted to travel into the agriculture concern for himself by engaging other workers, he found that he could do a really profitable l ife ( Harrison 3 ) . Overall, nevertheless, the pestilence brought in its aftermath a recession from which Europe did non retrieve until the 15th century ( Harrison 3 ) . The consequence of the pestilence on communities was lay waste toing. Families and friends were set against each other # 8211 ; the well rejecting the sick ( Rice 1 ) . Some people withdrew from all contact with others, trusting T O avoid acquiring the awful disease ( Chilton 24 ) . As the disease became more and more widespread, many people wanted to hold a concluding confession or compose up their last will and testament, but the priests and attorneies would non even acquire near adequate for them to make it ( Chilton 24 ) . The decease of many Judgess and decision makers from the pestilence made it so that jurisprudence and order barely even existed in some countries. The ground was that there merely were non adequate people to catch violators. If one was caught, nevertheless, there was small opportunity of him traveling to test, because there were no Judgess to supervise the instance, and no attorneies, either to prosecute, or to support. ( Rice 1 ) . Besides, there were instances of the ill breakage into houses and endangering to pollute the people within unless they were paid a payoff to go forth ( Rice 1 ) . It was the terminal of the universe ( Chilton 25 ) . Peoples were rolling about, about zombie-li ke from fear and hopelessness ( Chilton 25 ) . They abandoned their places and left their occupations ( Chilton 25 ) . The pestilence besides had an consequence on the hygiene of communities. The dead were piled in shallow mass Gravess, or they were merely dumped into the street ( Rice 1 ) . This evidently did non assist to squelch the spread of the disease. In the old ages that the pestilence was most active, it had taken its toll in about every major metropolis in Europe. In the East, it killed over 20 three million people ( Harrison 2 ) . In Paris, over one half of the people died ( Harrison 2 ) . Bremen and Hamburg fared even worse, with over one half of their populations being wiped out, and eventually, in Florence, three fourths of the people lay dead. It killed 70,000 out of the 460,000 people populating in England, and this figure is likely underestimated, since it is likely that many of the 6432 deceases attributed to spotted febrility were truly caused by the pestilence ( Black Death ) . When the decease counts were eventually totaled, over 20 five million people had been slain in Europe by the Bubonic Plague ( Black Death ) . This comes out to be approximately on tierce of the entire population. Where were the physicians, and what were they making to seek to control the pestilence? During this clip, the physicians were deceasi ng merely like anybody else, and most of the healthy physicians did non make bold visit the sick for fright of catching the disease themselves ( Cohen 108 ) . The few physicians who were brave or brave plenty to venture into a ill individual s house used many different, but uneffective remedies, one of the most popular being a bath in piss. Other remedies included the combustion of aromatic forests and herbs, particular diets to hunger the pestilence out, classs of shed blooding to seek to acquire rid of the septic blood, and new, different positions for kiping ( Rice 1 ) . For the rich, there were potions made from liquefied gold or from powdered pearls and gems ( Rice 1 ) . Although the physicians in the Middle Ages were non really successful in their efforts to mend the sick, there are ways to halt the disease from distributing and infecting people. First of all, healthful steps should be taken against plagues to do certain that there are no rats or fleas in the life quarters. If this is done the disease would be nipped in the bud because there would be no bearers to distribute it to worlds ( Black Death ) . If the rats do go on to infect some persons, those people should be quarantined to do certain that they do non distribute the disease to others ( Black Death ) . Besides, there was an highly helpful vaccinum developed in the 19 mid-fortiess to assist the victim regain wellness ( Black Death ) . Use of this along with antibiotics can normally assist the single recover from the disease. Although the Bubonic pestilence was a awful clip for world, we can be certain that a immense graduated table eruption, like the one in Europe, will neer go on once more due to the medical and technological progresss we have made. One can merely inquire what would hold happened if the people of Europe had entree to the vaccinums and antibiotics we have now. Possibly the pestilence happened for the best, decelerating the growing of population so that the universe would non g o excessively overcrowded. Even in visible radiation of this, the Bubonic Plague was still a awful and deathly clip for Europe and the remainder of the universe. Bibliography Black Death, Colliers Encyclopedia, 1990.Chilton, David. Power in the Blood ( Brentwood: Wolgemuth A ; Hyatt Publishers, 1987 ) .Cohen, Daniel. The Black Death ( New York: Franklin Watts Inc. , 1974 ) .Harrison, James. Papal Schism, 100 Years War and the Black Plague. [ Online ] Available hypertext transfer protocol: //www.li.suu.edu/library/courses /hum101/ papal.html. February 11, 1998. Plague, International Family Health Encyclopedia, 1971.Rice, Aaron. The Black Death: Bubonic Plague. [ Online ] Available hypertext transfer protocol: //mse.byu.edu /mse/InSci/286/MiddleAges/LifeTimes/ Plague.html. February 11, 1998.Rice, Aaron. Black Death Spreads. [ Online ] Available hypertext transfer protocol: //mse.byu.edu /mse/InSci/286/MiddleAges/LifeTimes/ Blackdeath1.html. February 11, 1998.

Saving Private Ryan Essay

Saving Private Ryan Essay Saving Private Ryan Essay Saving Private Ryan EssayThe first paragraph of a Saving Private Ryan essay should spell out the main purpose or thesis behind the essay. To do this you should familiarize yourself with the original source by:Reading in and around the textReading of literary reviewsBy watching the film a few times. Once you are familiar with the source, brainstorm before asking yourself the following questions and writing the outline of your essay:According to you is Saving Private Ryan all about exposing the ugly face of war-instead of glorifying it?Do you think there is a very real misrepresentation of life due to the fact that the role that women played in the war has been entirely ignored?Is the theme of Saving Private Ryan anti-war or anti-women?Your Saving Private Ryan essay should comment on the fact that this is a film in which Women appear, only very briefly, as mothers, wives, typists (Gans). In that sense does Saving Private Ryan give an accurate picture of the Second World War in whic h the pivotal role of women has long been recognized? (It is a well known fact that women took over the day to day running of the country at a time when most of the men were away at war)-so does Saving Private Ryan give a faulty view that implies that men were largely responsible for saving our country and that women had a very limited role to play as housewives and typists?Your Saving Private Ryan essay should also draw attention to the fact that Graham is trying to show us what the frontlines of war are really like; as he focuses on the slaughter and mayhem of the D-Day landing on Omaha Beach and we witness horrific scenes of a soldier picking up his own arm, an injured soldiers guts spilling out, or a legless soldier trying to crawl with the help of his arms.Graham does not spare the viewers the horrors of war but in the process feminists feel that he is passing a comment on the insignificance of women by keeping completely silent about their role Women are virtually absent from Private Ryan, and they appear only in a soft-focus montage of breasts and lapping waves (Goldstein). These are some of the aspects your Saving Private Ryan essay can touch on.

WK 3 Final Project Matrix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WK 3 Final Project Matrix - Essay Example ich can be offered in classrooms by specialized teaches, early intervention specifically by parents via use of direct and brief commands and positive attention to the behavior of the child (Rosenberg et al, 2007). This is a condition that exhibits an inability for learning unexplainable by sensory, intellectual, or health factors, inability to sustain, even build, relationships with teachers or peers, inappropriate feelings or behaviors in normal circumstances, and a tendency for the development of fears or physical symptoms associated with learning institutions (Rosenberg et al, 2007). There are two types of classification systems: clinically and statistically derived. Statistical system uses the individual’s level of difference in frequency and rate as compared to their normative samples extracted from the same population as the subject, while clinical systems utilize diagnostic and descriptive criteria associated with communication and physical disorders (Rosenberg et al, 2007). Behavioral characteristics include increased aggression such as abusive, violent, and destructive behavior, breaking of rules wt the belief that boundaries are not applicable to them, non-compliance with requests or instructions which disrupts social and academic development, social withdrawal including excessive solitary play, low verbalization rates and infrequent interaction with peers, anxiety of a severe kind and depression (Rosenberg et al, 2007). The prevalence of this disorder in the US accounts for approximately 0.73%. African Americans are 1.7% more likely to suffer from it than Native Americans are. Sufferers are also more likely to come from poor, single parent households, more likely to be boys, and are more likely to change schools often (Rosenberg et al, 2007). These include service delivery, for example, individualization, support, and monitoring, early intervention that includes developing programs with developmental timing, program intensity, direct instruction

Current issues in financial reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Current issues in financial reporting - Essay Example Because of this, there is a huge interest as well as apprehension regarding the basis upon which accounting data is collected and reported. Thus, the statement made by Solomons (1991) that ‘[i]f accounting is to retain any credibility – and without credibility it is worthless – its guiding light must be neutrality in financial reporting’, surely, assumes that the records on a balance sheet or profit and loss statement ought to be a precise indication of a business’s performance. This, unarguably, is the function of accounting. It is a language that explains as well as communicates features of company to its owners along with other concerned parties. The goals of financial statement turn out to be intricate during current years as the quantity and complication of disclosures have risen, and the users of financial statement have become even more demanding. Accounts are no longer merely a description of earlier activity and existing solvency. In the pre sent day, investors as well as other users of accounts anticipate to be able to utilize them to estimate business’s potential and to predict its success. Accounting information within financial statement may well be precise in the solely legal aspect but may not expose fiscal or business truth. Clearly, there is nothing novel regarding this condition; the regulations that guide the preparation of an account are â€Å"legion† (Pounder, 2009, p. 102), and a few of them are practical whereas a number of them seem very flexible and difficult to deal with; thus, accountants attempt to understand the regulations in the best manner that matches the principles. Nonetheless, there are reasons for considering that something will currently have to be done regarding the situation. The latest wave of abrupt as well as unanticipated failure and crash of major financial institutions has tended to destabilize assurance in audited account. Lately, it has been noticed that well-informed chief executives of banks show reluctance regarding their enormous â€Å"paper profits† (Botzem, 2012, p. 76). This is a sign that financial reports all over the globe are considered to be misleading and not telling the real position and that by large, inaccuracies could surface in later years. This reality indicates a somewhat sorry image of the condition of the accounting work and reliability of available financial reporting. In spite of all this, there is still a word of support due to several truthful and straightforward accountants who press for telling reality in their accounts and whose approach has support from their boards and their auditors, therefore guaranteeing that the â€Å"black art of cosmetic reporting† (Botzem, 2012, p. 76) in accounting is at least lessened if not eradicated. Accounting information is consistent if it is reasonably exempt from inaccuracy and partiality and truly reveals what it intends to reveal. Information is dependable when it h as representational authenticity and is confirmable as well as neutral. Representational authenticity is the level of connection between the stated accounting measurements or depictions and the financial sources and commitments as well as the dealings and events creating alterations in these items (Alexander et al., 2011, p. 120). Having a high level of representational authenticity is helpful in decreasing measurement prejudice. Verifiability is the capability of measurers to agree that the chosen technique has been

Understanding the Short Story Brownies Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Short Story Brownies Essay Amongst the legion of newly talented American playwrights is Z. Z Parker, an African American author who is popularly known to be the master behind a number of recently published and highly praised short fiction stories across the United States. Included in one of his compilations â€Å"Drinking Coffee Elsewhere† is the short story entitled â€Å"Brownies† which depicts the story about a troop of young Black African-American girls and their encounters and personal experiences with regard to adversities of social discrimination in the entire American Country. Thus, the book depicts and illustrates both of the different faces of the society which is that of the good and dreadful side, more especially in the entire society of the United States wherein there is an evident divergence between the white and black people. In a sense, it is seen obvious that the story is fundamentally set to highlight and enlighten one of the major social problems in the entire American society in both ancient and modern days, which is that of the racial biases and/or discrimination among the Black African-American people. Thus, the story also aims to give a picture of the pessimistic consequences of such social differences between the American group of white and the black. For instance is the adverse incident wherein the troop of black African-American girls and the opposite color have collide and involved their selves into an awful brawl in response to the act of racial discrimination coming from the group of white girls. Hence, such illustration is an example as to how the writer has utilized the specific situations to depict the atrocities and cynicism that social discrimination incorporates in the society. On the other hand, it is also well represented that the society is made of both negative and positive notions wherein the people living in this world are all situated to experience both of the good and bad sides of the society. Through the narrative of one of the black African-American girls in the story, whose name is Laurel, she shares the story of her father’s encounter with a white family and recalls the moment her father said that, It was the only time hed have a white man on his knees doing something for a black man for free† (30). It is indeed an evident way of the writer to balance her depiction of the two faces of society which is that of the good and bad. In the end, it is evident that such book of Z. Z. Parker entitled â€Å"Brownies† is socially prearranged to depict and discuss the problems of society, more specifically in the United States, where Americans are seen to be alienated by this social difference and discrimination. Thus, the short story â€Å"Brownies† is indeed a paradigm of an outstanding socially significant story that presents valuable lessons for the readers and for the entire society. Work Cited Packer, ZZ. â€Å"Brownies. † In Drinking Coffee Elsewhere. New York, NY: The Berkley Publishing Group, 2003.

The Minister’s Black Veil Essays -- Minister?s Black Veil Essays Paper

The Minister’s Black Veil The story â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† is symbolic of the hidden sins that we hide and separate ourselves from the ones we love most. In wearing the veil Hooper presents the isolation that everybody experiences when they are chained down by their own sins. He has realized that everybody symbolically can be found in the shadow of their own veil. By Hooper wearing this shroud across his face is only showing the dark side of people and the truth of human existence and nature. Hooper left the dark shroud on because he has realized that secret sin is a veil that can never be lifted from anybody until the day of their death. In a quote from the story Mr. Hooper says, â€Å"There is an hour to come, when all of us shall cast aside our veils. Take it not amiss, beloved friend, if I wear this piece of crepe till then.† By saying this Mr. Hooper expresses the feeling that while human beings are alive on the earth a veil shows their face. Hooper promised himself and made a life task of playing a mirror to the people around him. The veil cannot be lifted until the freedom of truth can be observed. The minister’s friends and neighbors are so upset by the veil because the veil becomes a wall between himself and his congregation. The first response is one of curiosity which then turns in suspicion. They cannot understand the meaning for the wearing of the black veil and in turn the people become very uncomfortable around him. The veil and it color ...

A Critique: “My Boys Like Shootouts, What’s Wrong With That?”

â€Å"My Boys Like Shootouts. What's Wrong With That?† by Jonathan Turley (The Washington Post, 25 February 2007) discusses how parents are becoming increasingly against the play of toy-guns, and how such gun-paranoia will inhibit children's development. Turley, a professor at George Washington University, speaks against those negative attitudes and hopes to educate parents and fellow activists with regards to how toy weaponry contributes to children's development and emotional progress. In general, Turley portrays the image of a concerned father seemingly disgruntled at attitudes encountered from his personal experiences. The tone adopted is casual and the author's use of examples serve to reinforce his ideas and arguments. Turley claims that the allowance of gun play is not an idea which should be condemned and its impact exaggerated. He supports this claim by citing references concerning this topic giving toy guns credit for â€Å"channeling of aggression† (2007, Para 7) and amplifies the requisite to â€Å"distinguish between the two† with reference to â€Å"play† and â€Å"violence† (2007, Para 8). While Turley's sentiments do reflect some truth, this truth is belittled by the one-dimensionality of his discussion and lack of consideration of other concerns such as â€Å"encouraging aggressive behavior and violent attitudes† and â€Å"reinforcing gender stereotypes† (2007, Para 4). Part Two: Turley's arguments are logical but are discredited by their one-dimensionality as he does not accord sufficient discussion to other pertinent issues identified. There seems to be a lack of impartiality in the discussion as Turley is inclined to his own ideas. For instance, Turley used an example from his personal experience relating to his efforts to â€Å"avoid any gender stereotypes† (2007, Para 5) which did not strengthen his argument as he did not give depth to the point raised. Furthermore, the informal tone Turley used undermined the seriousness of the issue, and the example used was lacking as its scope cannot be reflective of an entire societal issue. Hence, Turley's ideas, though valid, are weakened as he fails to present a just, two-sided argument. The examples cited in the article succeed in substantiating Turley's arguments as they are quoted from several published sources with experience and the necessary expertise. These examples exemplify important ideas such as the use of toy weaponry as a form of catharsis for children â€Å"to make meaning of what they have experienced in life† (2007, Para 9) and â€Å"to be able to discharge their anger through symbolic play† (2007, Para 10). They also demonstrate the existing need for a certain degree of change in mindset with regards to allowing gun play. In that sense, Turley has succeeded in delivering his message pertaining to the necessity of such play in children's development. However, the impact may be contracted by his use of a casual tone in a matter of significance to his target audience. Turley clearly describes the importance of gun play in children's development and explains that such play is acceptable as long as â€Å"strict guidelines† (2007, Para 5) are imposed. He is considered to have achieved his intention as he cites useful and credible examples in substantiating his ideas. However, the casual tone adopted undermines the seriousness of the issue as despite it being a topic about play, it is one which parents and relevant groups view with significance. The lack of a balanced argument also weakens the ideas presented. Therefore, for an issue of societal scale, the scope covered by Turley may be too narrow.

Employment Discrimination And Bona Fide Occupational...

Employment Discrimination Introduction In this week’s assignment, we will discuss employment discrimination. First I will share the results of researched conducted on the internet about specific case involving employment discrimination and bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ). Next I will discuss the following questions that have been posed, first should Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 apply to every company, regardless of number of employees? Secondly should race and color be permissible bona fide occupational qualifications or should the BFOQ exceptions to employment discrimination be removed completely? Employment Discrimination Internet Research For the first part of this paper I used the internet to conducted research on cases involving employment discrimination and bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ). The case I discovered in my research is court case titled Anderson v. City and County of San Francisco. 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